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Warp:
A weaving term for yarns in woven fabrics and carpets that run in the
machine direction (or lengthwise). Warp yarns are usually delivered to
a weaving loom from a beam mounted behind the loom. Woven carpets usually
have three sets of warp yarns, which may be wound on three loom beams.
These include stuffer warp for lengthwise strength and stiffness; pile
warp, which forms the carpet surface tufts; and chain warp, which interlaces
with .ll yarn to lock the structure together.
Weaving:
The original method for manufacturing carpet. In the weaving process,
backing yarns are woven into a durable fabric while, simultaneously, face
yarns are looped over wires and interlocked in the woven back. See ""Axminster"
and "Wilton."
Weft:
Yarns which run widthwise in woven carpet interlacing with various warp
yarns.
Wilton:
A type of woven carpet and the loom used to manufacture it. Wilton looms
have jacquard pattern mechanisms which use punched cards/computer programs
to select yarn colour. The carpets are often patterned or have multilevel
surfaces.
Woven carpet:
Carpet produced on a loom. Warp pile yarns intertwine with wires and backing
yarns called warp yarns. These yarns are locked in with the weft yarns.
Warp stuffer yarns are included to provide extra stability. Weaving is
a slower, more expensive, labor-intensive fabrication method than tufting.
Woven carpet is distinguished by intricate patterns and tailored, controlled
textures.
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