Teflon® (known as DuraTech® in North America)
(please check definition)
TeflonŽ patented soil-resistance treatment is the most durable fluorochemical/soil-release product available today. TeflonŽ is an integral part of the Antron® Legacy™** fibre system and is available only on carpets of Antron® Legacy™** nylon and Antron® Lumena™* solution dyed nylon. Only TeflonŽ is durable enough to withstand heavy traffic and multiple cleanings.
* Formerly known as Antron® Excel SC.
** Formerly known as Antron® Excel.
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Tensile strength
The strength along the length of a fibre.
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Texture
Visual and tactile surface characteristics of carpet
pile including such aesthetic and structural elements as high-low
and cut-and-loop patterning, yarn twist, pile erectness or lay-over,
harshness or softness to the touch, luster, and yarn dimensions.
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Texture retention
A carpet's ability to withstand crushing and matting.
Although accelerated test methods do not directly compare with actual
floor performance, they do give an indication of a carpet's ability
to withstand crushing and matting.
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Textured loop
A woven or tufted carpet style having all
tufts in a loop form with varying degrees of height.
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Texturizing
In synthetic fibre production, crimp or texture can be put into the
fibre by different methods. The most common for carpet yarns are:
- Air jet methods for BCF. In
this texturizing process, yarn is fed through the turbulent region
of an air jet. In the jet, the yarn structure is modified by heat
and air.
- Stuffer box method for staple. Yarn is fed into a chamber and
compressed. The individual filaments are forced to fold or bend
at sharp angles. (See "Bulking.")
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Tip definition
Visible individual twisted cut yarn ends
in a carpet surface. If, under heavy wear and pivoting, the tufts have
been splayed open, the carpet is said to have lost its tip definition.
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Tip shearing
Shaving off tufted high loops in the finishing
process to create a cut and uncut texture or pattern.
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Titanium dioxide (TiO2)
A compound that is used primarily as a delusterant
in fibre.
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Total weight
Weight (ounces) per square yard of the total
carpet pile yarn, primary and secondary backings and coatings.
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Tow
Continuous synthetic fibre filaments (without
twist) collected in a loose rope-like form and held together by crimp.
Tow is the form before fibre is cut into staple.
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Tuft
A cluster of yarns drawn through a fabric
and projecting from the surface in the form of cut yarns or loops. (See
also Cut pile, Cut
and loop pile, Level loop pile,
Loop pileand Multilevel
loop pile.
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Tuft bind
The force (usually measured in pounds) required
to pull a tuft from the carpet backing. Also known as tuft lock. For
loop pile, ASTM Method D1335 (tuft bind test) should result in a minimum
12-lb. average. For cut pile, ASTM Method D1335 (tuft bind test) should
result in a minimum 5-lb. average.
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Tufted carpet
Carpet produced by a tufting machine instead
of a loom.
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Tufting
A method of carpet manufacture in which
surface yarns are sewn or "punched" through a primary backing material.
The needles of the tufting machine form loops which are hooked by loopers
on the underside of the backing material and which remain loops in level
or textured loop carpet. Alternatively, the loops are tufted and cut
with knives to create cut pile carpet. The tufted fabric is then coated
with an adhesive to adhere a secondary back to provide durability and
stability.
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Turns per inch (TPI)
The number of times two or more yarns have
been plied in an inch length. Also known as input ply twist.
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Turns per tuft (TPT)
The number of twists in the pile yarn above
the primary backing. A more accurate way of measuring relative twist
level in cut pile carpets. Generally, the greater the turns per tuft,
the better the performance.
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Twist
A yarn term describing the number of turns
per inch and direction of twist of either the singles or plies around
their axes. Twist direction is either right or left handed, also called
"Z" or "S" twist. Most carpet yarns have 3.5 to 6.0 TPI. The performance
of a cut pile carpet is dependent on the twist in the pile yarn. Spun
yarns need more twist than filament yarns for good performance. For
moderate or heavy commercial use cut pile, it is suggested that continuous
filament have a minimum of 4.50 TPI while spun yarns have a minimum
ply twist of 4.75 TPI.
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Two-ply
Most common yarn ply. Two single yarns are
twisted together, then heatset to maintain their twisted configuration.
Can be used in either cut or loop pile carpet.
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