Back coating
An adhesive compound applied for the purpose
of locking pile yarn tufts into a carpet backing, bonding a secondary
backing to a primary backing, increasing the fabric body or stiffness,
and increasing dimensional stability.
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Backing
Materials comprising the back of the carpet, as opposed
to the carpet pile or face.
For Fusion Bonded Carpets:
- Backing material for fusion-bonded carpet is a system of layered
vinyl or plastic compound and fibreglass scrim for dimensional stability.
For Tufted Carpets:
- Primary back—In tufting, a woven or nonwoven fabric in which
the pile yarn is inserted by the tufting needles. Usually woven
or nonwoven polypropylene or woven jute for carpet and often cotton
duck for scatter rugs.
- Secondary back—Fabric laminated to the back of carpet to reinforce
and increase dimensional stability. Usually woven or nonwoven polypropylene.
For Woven Carpets:
Backings of woven carpets are the "construction yarns"
comprising chain warp, stuffer warp, and shot or fill, which are interwoven
with the face yarn during carpet fabric formation.
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Backing fabric
A fabric into which a pile yarn is inserted or a reinforcing
layer which is adhered to the reverse side of a fabric.
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Backing systems
- Attached cushion - Padding, such as foam rubber or polyurethane,
that is made as an integral part of the backing.
- Conventional backing—Carpet with a primary and secondary
latex-laminated woven or nonwoven fabric. Sometimes referred to
as ActionBac®.
- PVC hard-backed or closed-cell PVC (polyvinyl chloride)—Used
mostly in carpet tile or 6' wide goods due to its weight and stiffness.
PVC gives a stiff, stable backing with little cushioning but Excellent
tuft bind and stability.
- Thermoplastic—A molten resin process that permanently
adheres the primary and secondary backing. This backing system is
branded as Unibond® by Lees Commercial Carpets.
- Unitary—A single lamination of fabric backing with high
rubber content latex or hot-melt resin compound for increased tuft
bind. Used primarily with loop pile carpet.
- Urethane (Polyurethane)—A polymeric resin applied by the
carpet mill in the finishing process. In the heat and curing chamber
it reacts and creates a foam-like texture. This backing encapsulates
the yarn for extra tuft bind with a cushion attached.
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Bale
A container of approximately 650 lbs. of
staple fibres, wrapped and ready to be shipped to the yarn spinner or
carpet mill with yarn-spinning capacity.
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BCF yarn
An abbreviation for Bulked Continuous
Filament yarn referring to synthetic fibres in a continuous form.
BCF yarn can be used in cut or loop pile construction.
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Beam
A large cylinder on which carpet yarns,
usually pre-dyed, are wound prior to feeding onto tufting, weaving or
fusion bonding equipment.
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Beck dye
Dyeing of tufted greige carpet in a large
vat of dye liquor. In this process, the carpet roll is sewn into a loop
and then is continuously rotated and immersed in the heated vat for
several hours. Most commonly used for cut pile carpet, it offers good
custom colour flexibility. (See "Dye
methods.") |
Bleeding
Loss of colour by a fabric or yarn when immersed
in water or a solvent, as a result of improper dyeing or the use of
dyes of poor quality. Fabrics that bleed will stain white or lightly
shaded fabrics that come in contact with them when wet.
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Blend
A mixture of two or more fibres or yarns.
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Blending
The mixing of staple fibres before they
are carded, drafted and spun into yarn. Blending is done for consistency
in the final yarn and is a critical step to avoid "streaks" in a carpet.
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Branded fibres and yarns
First-quality fibre and yarn backed by the
manufacturer to have special attributes and value.
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Bright
The opposite of dull or matte when describing
luster.
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Broadloom
Denotes carpet tufted or woven in widths
wider than six feet.
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Bulking
Also known as crimping or texturizing. Bulking
imparts texture/fullness to the fibre or yarn during production. Bulking
is done to increase the coverage and bloom the yarn will have in the
carpet face. Bulking also adds to fibre resiliency ("spring back").
(See "Texturizing.")
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