Abrasive wear
Wear or texture change to an area of carpet that has
been damaged by friction caused by rubbing or foot traffic.
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Acid dyeable nylon
Nylon polymer that has been modified chemically to make
the fibre receive acid dyes. Acid dyeable yarns are available in different
dye levels (light, medium and deep).
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Adipic acid
A base ingredient in the production of Type 6,6 nylon.
Adipic acid has a chain of six carbon atoms. It is reacted with hexamethylene
diamine (also having six carbon atoms) to polymerize Type 6,6 nylon.
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Aesthetics
Properties perceived by touch and sight, such as the hand, colour,
luster and texture of carpet.
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Affinity
The tendency for two elements or substances to combine chemically.
An example is the affinity of acid dyes for nylon fibre.
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Air-entangled
Also known as air-interlaced, commingled, or heathered. A method of
producing yarn in which BCF
yarns are "locked" together by air jets at regular intervals. The resulting
yarn is characterized by a heather appearance. Air-entangling is used
with solution dyed yarns and yarns with different dye affinities (for
use in piece dyeing or yarn dyeing).
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Antimicrobial
An agent that kills microbes.
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Antistatic properties
Resisting the tendency to produce annoying static electric shocks
in situations where friction of the foot tread builds up static in
low-humidity conditions. Some nylon fibres introduce a conductive
filament in the yarn bundle to conduct or dissipate static charges
from the human body. Olefin fibre
is inherently static-resistant, as it is similar to the surface of
most shoe soles (only dissimilar surfaces rub to create a static charge).
There are two basic methods for controlling the buildup of static in nylon carpets:
- Treating the carpet with a topical spray. This is not permanent
and creates a tendency for the carpet surface to soil.
- Adding a carbon composite nylon filament into the bundle of yarn
to act as a dissipating rod carrying the static charge away from
the person generating it.
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Antron®Legacy™** nylon
The best-performing white dyeable fibre for most commercial applications
with all the qualities of Antron® Type 6,6 nylon fibre. Brings superior
soil resistance to the largest and most specified range of commercial carpets.
(See "Antron® Nylon.")
**Formerly known as Antron® Excel. |
Antron® Lumena™* solution dyed nylon
The best-performing solution dyed fibre for many demanding commercial
applications with all the qualities of Antron® Type 6,6 nylon fibre. Antron
Lumena® gives carpets unsurpassed stain cleanability. Most stains can be
removed without the use of harsh cleaning agents. (See "
Antron® Nylon.")
*Formerly known as Antron® Excel SC.
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Antron® Nylon
The best-known, most-purchased brand of commercial carpet fibre. Antron®
nylon combines a superior Type 6,6 polymer substrate, exclusive INVISTA fibre
engineering, Teflon® advanced soil resistance technology, and INVISTA
performance testing and construction standards, resulting in carpet fibres
that perform well in the most demanding commercial environments.
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Atmospheric fading test
A test that indicates a change of shade or hue of dyed fabric caused by a
chemical reaction between certain dyes and acid gases. Recommended test
methods for carpets (AATCC 129 - Ozone and AATCC 164 - Oxides of Nitrogen)
would specify a minimum rating, after two cycles, of no less than
International Gray Scale for Colour Change
rating of 3.
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Autoclave
- An oven-like apparatus for use in yarn heatsetting operations.
Under pressure in a superheated steam atmosphere, yarn is given
a "memory" of its twist. Autoclave heatsetting is a batch, not a
continuous, method.
- An apparatus for making polymer under heat and pressure.
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Average pile density
The weight of pile yarn in a unit volume of carpet. It is expressed in ounces
per cubic yard in the formula: Density = pile yarn Weight (in ounces per
square yard) times 36 divided by pile Thickness or pile Height (in inches).
Average pile density factors for commercial carpets range from 4200 to
8000. D = W x 36 / T or H
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Axminster
A weaving method originating in the eighteenth
century in Axminster, England. In this method, individual pile tufts
are inserted from spools of coloured yarns, making possible an almost
endless variety of colours and geometric or floral patterns.
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